Mixed esters of phosphonic acid and preparation



Unitecl States Patent 015cc 3,515,776 MIXED ESTERS F PHOSPHONIC ACID AND PREPARATION Charles F. Baranauckas and Irving Gordon, Niagara Falls, N.Y., assignors to Hooker Chemical Corporation, Niagara Falls, N.Y., a corporation of New York No Drawing. Continuation of application Ser. No. 348,252, Feb. 28, 1964. This application Oct. 23, 1967, Ser. No. 678,157

Int. Cl. C07f 9/08, 9/38; C09k 3/00 US. Cl. 260--927 11 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Mixtures of phosphonates of the formulas wherein R R R R and Z are either substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkene, alkylene, aryl or epoxy, R is selected from the same group plus hydrogen, n and n are from zero to 5, it being required that from I to 32 hydroxyls must be present in the compounds. Homopolymers of these materials are also included in the mixtures. Also described are methods for manufacture of the mixed phosphonates.

Polyurethane foams are made flame retardant by addition of the mixtures of phosphonates.

' clic phosphonates has been prepared, said phosphonates having the structural formulae:

wherein R R R and R are selected from the groups consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, aryl ssbutituted alkyl, alkyl substituted aryl, substituted aryl, nitroalkyl, substi- 3,515,776 Patented June 2, 1970 tuted alkyl, heterocyclic, hydroxy alkyl, alkoxyl alkyl, hydroxyl alkoxyl alkyl, substituted alkenyl, hydroxy polyalkoxy alkyl, and mixtures thereof; R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R R R and R; Z is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylene, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, nitroalkyl, substituted aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted alkylenes, substituted alkenyl, hydroxy aryl, hydroxy alkyl, alkoxy alkyl hydroxy alkoxy alkyl; n is from 0 to 5, and each cyclic and bicyclic phosphonic has from 1 to 32 hydroxyls, each noncyclic has from 3 to 32 hydroxyls; and polymers thereof.

The novel mixture of bicyclic, cyclic and noncyclic phosphonates (esters of phosphonic acid) of this invention have surprisingly been found to have hydroxyl numbers that make them particularly useful phosphorus-containing chemicals with the ability to readily undergo reactions with other poly-functional intermediates and give unexpected, superior results over either of the bicyclic, cyclic and noncyclic phosphonates individually. They react with polyisocyanates, e.g., toluene diisocyanate or polymethylene polyphenyl, isocyanate, to form foamed polyurethanes which are flame resistant and have improved heat distortion temperatures. In addition, the free hydroxy groups in the phosphonate mixture of this invention may be reacted with polybasic acids and anhydrides, e.g., isophthalic acid, fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, and so forth, to form resinous polyester compositions that are flame resistant. The novel mixtures of cyclic and noncyclic phosphonates are also resistant to hydrolytic attack. Further, they are useful for reactions with alkyd resins used to make film-forming products. The phosphonate mixtures of this invention improve the burning resistance of such alkyd resins. The mixed phosphonate compositions of the invention are particularly useful in polyolefins, e.g., polypropylene and polyethylene, to improve the dyeing characteristics of fabrics produced. This occurs, it is believed, as the novel mixtures of this invention are surprisingly stable and are not subject to loss by evaporation, hydrolysis or leaching.

The novel mixtures of bicyclic, cyclic and noncyclic esters of phosphonic acid may be prepared in a variety of ways. They may be prepared by reacting a triorgano phosphite with an excess of a polyhydric compound having the formula R (0H)m Where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, said substituent, if any, being inert under conditions of reaction, substituted aryl, said substituent, if any, being inert under conditions of reaction, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, said substituent, if any, being inert under conditions of reaction, heterocyclic, substituted herterocyclic, said subsituent, if any, being inert under conditions of reaction, and mixtures, thereof; and, m is from 2 to 33, to form an intermediate novel mixture of cyclic and noncyclic esters of phosphorus acid and rearranging the tertiary esters of phosphorus acid by heat, or a stoichiometric, or a catalytic, or excess of stoichiometric amount of Arbuzov reagent, to a mixture of bicyclic, and/or cyclic, and/or noncyclic esters of phosphonic acid.

The mixtures of phosphonates of this invention may be prepared in a variety of ways. By reacting one mole of a triaryl phosphite with an excess of one mole, but less than two moles, of a polyhydric compound, a mixed composition results in which bicyclic and cyclic phosphites predominate. That is, from 55 to percent of such a mixture is a cyclic and/ or bicyclic mixture. The mixed phosphite composition may then be rearranged by utilizing a catalytic, stoichiometric, or excess amount of an Arbuzov reagent. When a catalytic amount of an Arbuzov reagent is utilized, a composition is formed comprising predominatelya mixture of phosphonates having the formulae:

and

, cuvp-o O C(R)z wherein R Z and n are as defined above. When a stoichiometric or excess amount of the Arbuzov reagent is utilized, a composition is formed comprising -a mixture in which cyclic and noncyclic phosphonates predominate having the formulae:

wherein R R R R R, Z and n are as defined above. These phosphonates form from 45 to 100 percent of the mixture. An alkyl diaryl phosphite or a dialkyl aryl phosphite may be reacted with an excess of one mole, but less than two moles of a polyhydric compound, as defined above, and form a phosphite composition of cyclic and noncyclic phosphites. The phosphite composition, when rearranged with a catalytic amount of an Arbuzov reagent, will form as a composition mixture of cyclic and noncyclic phosphonates having the structural formulae:

wherein R R R R R, Z and m are as defined above and the cyclic phosphonates contain from 1 to 32 hydroxyls and the noncyclic phosphonates contain from 3 to 32 hydroxyls. The starting alkyl diaryl phosphite or the dialkyl aryl phosphite may be employed as such, or prepared by the transesterification of a triaryl phosphite and aliphatic alcohol in situ. An aliphatic alcohol in excess of i a stoichiometric amount may be utilized in this procedure and separated upon completion of the reaction. It has been surprisingly found that when preparing the alkyl diaryl and aryl dialkyl phosphites in situ that the excess aliphatic alcohol facilitates the reaction. A mixture of phosphonates having the formulae:

are formed by reacting a triorgano phosphite with an excess of 2 moles, but less than 3 moles of a polyhydric compound, as defined above. An intermediate mixture of linear and cyclic phosphites is formed that is rearranged by reacting with a catalytic amount of an Arbuzov reagent. It is to be understood that in each instance where the intermediate mixture of phosphites is prepared, they may be isolated as such, or rearranged to form the corresponding hosphonate mixture. Further, if a stoichiometric, or ex cess amount of Arbuzov reagent is utilized (fromlilo 200 percent in excess of the stoichiometric amount, preferably from 25 to 100 percent in excess of the stoichiometric amount), a mixture of bicyclic, cyclic and/or noncyclic phosphites is produced as an intermediate, in the present process. Where a triqr-ganic phosphite is reacted with an excess of two moles if the polyhydric compound, the product that predominates (from to 100 percent) is a noncyclic phosphonate. This latter process is evident from the teachings herein. It is desired, however, to maintain a mixture of cyclic and noncyclicphoSphdnatsQas such products surprisingly possess" desirablehydroxyl numbers. 1 Y

In instances where the alkyl diaryl phosphite and dialkyl aryl phosphite is prepared in situ in the presence of an excess amount of an aliphatic alcohol, it is believed that 1 the excess alcohol acts as a solvent, thus, facilitating the reaction. .In such procedures, best results are,.,obtainedn when utilizing an aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to carbon atoms. The preferred aliphatic alcohol, however, has been found to contain from 3 to 22 carbon atoms,

with the most favorable results being achieved when the aliphatic alcohol contains from 3 to 18 carbon atoms.

The triorganic phosphites, which may be utilized in the practice of this invention, are either simple or mixed phosphites. Examples of useful phosphites are trimethyl, triethyl, tri-n-butyl, tri-n-octyl, tri-nonyl, triundecyl, amyl diethyl, butyl di-n-propyl, n-dodecyl dimethyl, ethyl'octyl propyl, tris (2-chloroethyl), tri(3-chloropropyl), tris (3,4- dichlorobutyl), tris (2-bromoethy1), tris' (3-iodopropyl), tris (Z-fluoroethyl), tris (dichlorododecyl), 2-chloroethyl diethyl, 3-bromopropyl bis (2-chloroethyl), diamyl trichlorooctyl, 2-chloroethyl 3 chloropropyl 4 chloro butyl, triphenyl, tricresyl, dicresyl butyl, trixylenyl, di

cresyl butyl, di(2,4-xylenyl)' butyl, dicresyl hexyLdicresyl octadecyl, diphenyl butyl, diphenyl stearyl, dibutyl-2,-4- xylenyl, tris (2-ch1or0phenyl), tris (2,-6-dibromophenyl),

tris (3-bromophenyl), tris (2-ethylpheny1), tris (2-cyclohexylphenyl), tris (4-octylphenyl), tris (4-butylphenyl),

tris (Z-nitrophenyl), tris (2-methoxyphe'nyl), tris (alpha naphthyl), tris (beta naphthyl), and so forth.

The polyhydric compounds of this inventiona're those which will tend to form a cyclic dioxaphosphorinane ring structure. Thus, polyhydric compounds having one carbon atom between two carbon atoms having a hydroxyl at tached thereto are appropriate. Examples of polyhydric compounds are:

and other trimethylolal'kanes, e.g., trimethylolethane, tri

methylol butane, trimethylol, octadecane and trimethylol;

decane. Although polyhydric compounds containing from 2 to about 33 hydroxyls may be employed in the practice.

of this invention, polyhydric compounds having from 2 to 12 hydroxyls are preferred, with those polyhydric compounds containing from' 2 to 8 hydroxyls being most favored.

With respect to the novel mixture of cyclic and noncyclic phosphonates of the invention typical individual radicals that are illustrative but not limiting for R R R R R, R" and Z are as follows:

on, H

H 0 H; 0 H CHgC Hg- H H2 0 H2 0 Hz Hz B;

0 Hz Hz Therefore, alkyls and cycloalkyls, as set forth throughout this description, having from 1 to 70 carbons, may be utilized, but those having from 3 to 18 carbons being the most favored.

Therefore, aryls, as set forth throughout this description, having from 6 to 70 carbons being preferred, but those having from 6 to 18 carbons being the most preferred.

Halo-substituted aryl (i (l O Hal is selected from Cl, Br, I, and F; and t is an integer from 1 to four 1 Hall Hal is selected from Cl, Br, I, and F; and t is an integer from 1 to four,

Hal is selected from Cl, Br, I, and F; and the sum of g is an integer from 1 to seven,

Alkyl-substituted aryl H: 'OH,

- v on on; on, CH5 Cm 0113 I a a: p-

; 7 CH, t.

CHzCH;

CHzCHr-CHzCHr- CHs-Cl Norf A 1 Therefore, alkylenes, as set ,forth in this description, having from 1 to 70 carbons'arc preferred, with alkylenes having from 1 to 18 carbons being more preferred, and those having from 1 to about 1'2 carbons being most preferred. a

Alkoxyalkyl The transesterificat'ion of a' triorgano phosphite with a polyhydric compound may be carried out in the absence of a transesterification catalyst." However, utilization of catalyst increases the rate of reaction. Examples of trans esterification catalysts are: metal alcoholate, pheno ate or hydride, such as sodium methy1ate,lithium methylate, po- 7 tassium methylate, sodium ethylate, sodium isopropylate, sodium phenolate, potassium phenolate', sodium cresylate, sodium hydride, sodium metal, lithium metal and so forth; sodium hydroxide and diesters of phosphorous acid may, also, be utilized. It is, thus, evident that often a basic transesterification catalyst is to be utilized. This catalyst may have a pH of at least 7.5 in a 0.1 normal solution of the polyhydric compound to be utilized in the reaction. Other basic catalysts, which may be utilized, are diethyl aniline, quinoline, monododecyl, monomethyl amine, didodecyl methyl amine, pyridine, and so forth.

Arbuzov reagents are utilized in the practice of this invention in a catalytic amount, to catalyze the rearrangement of the phosphite to the phosphonate, stoichiometric, or in an amount in excess of the stoichiometric amount, to open up a bicyclic phosphite to form a cyclic phosphonate. When the bicyclic phosphite is to be opened, an excess of from to 75 percent of the stoichiometric amount of Arbuzov reagent is required, with best results being achieved when the excessive amount of Arbuzov reagent added is equal to an excess of from to 65 percent of the polyhydric compound added. The cyclic phos phites may, also, be Opened up and rearranged, in a similar manner.

Arbuzov reagents which may be utilized in the practice of this invention are alkyl halides, alkenyl halides, alkyl substituted alkenyls, cycloalkyl halides containing from about 1 to about 70 carbon atoms with the preferred reagents having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, and the most preferred having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms. Examples of these reagents are methyl iodide,

butyl chloride,

butyl iodide,

pentyl fluoride,

pentyl bromide,

hexyl chloride,

nonyl bromide,

octyl iodide,

decyl bromide,

isodecyl bromide,

undecyl fluoride,

stearyl chloride, 1,2-dibromomethane, 1,3-dichloropropane, 1,2-dibromoethyl ether, 1,4-dichloro-2-ethoxybutane, allyl chloride,

methallyl chloride, chloropropylene, B-heptene,

chlorobutylene, bromopropylene, iodopropylene, chloromethylacetylene, bromomethylacetylene, dichlorododecylene, dibromo octadecylene, chlorobromopentene, ethylene chlorobromide, oxtane dibromide, I 1,2-propylene chloride, trimethylene chloride, amylene dibromide, 3,3-bisiodomethyl oxatane, 1,4-ch1oromethyl benzene, carbon tetrachloride, dichlorodibromomethane, acetylene tetrabromide, trichloroethylene, fluorochlorobromomethane, methyl chloroform, hexachloroethane, heptachloropropane,

perbromoethylene, chlorocyclopropane, dibromocyclopropane, dichlorocyclopropane, bromocyclobutane, bromocyclopentene, 2-chloroethyl bromocyclooctane, chlorocycloheptane, 2-chl0rocyclopentene, 2-iodo-1,3-cyclohexadiene 7 ,7-dichloronorcarene, 1-chloro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, bromodecalin,

chlorodecalin, bromocyclotetradecane, 1-iodo-l-methycyclopentane, isomers of the above,

and so forth.

The cycloalkyls containing about 3 to 13 carbon atoms being preferred and the most preferred cycloalkyls containing between about 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Examples of aralkyl halides and dihalides having from 6 to 70 carbon atoms, with the preferred aralkyls having from 6 to about 24 carbon atoms, that may be utilized as an Arbuzov reagent in the practice of this invention are diphenylbromomethane, triphenylbromomethane, benzyl chloride,

benzal chloride, benzotrichloride, chloromethylnaphthalene, l-phenyl-l-chloroethane, bromomethylnaphthalene, chloromethylanthracene, bromomethylanthracene, l-phenyl-Z-chloroethane, benzyl bromide, l-phenyl-Z-brornoethane, 1-phenyl-2-chloropropane, bis-chloromethylnaphthalene, chloromethylpolystyrene, bromomethyltoluene, bromomethylxylene, dichlorobromethylbenzene, chloromethylanisole, bisbromomethylanisole, and so forth.

The ease of reaction varies with the nature of the halogen atom in the reagent. The decreasing order of activity is iodide, bromide, chloride and fluoride.

The above Arbuzov reagents are merely illustrative and not to be considered as limiting the invention disclosed herein. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the Arbuzov reaction or catalytic isomerization may, also, be effected by compounds selected from the group consisting of acyl halides, heteroalkyl halides, alpha-haloketones, alpha-haloamides, alpha-h'alonitrite, chlorocarbamates, beta-haloesters, epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, and so forth.

Examples of other catalysts Which may be utilized to cause an Arbuzov rearrangement are alkali metal halides, such as, sodium iodide, potassium fluoride, sodium bromide, lithium iodide, cesium iodide, and so forth. Isomerization (Arbuzov rearrangement) may, also, be induced by various other reagents, such as, methyl sulfate, cuprous chloride, cuprous iodide, iodine or even by thermal means alone.

The reactions of this invention may be carried out at temperatures of from 25 to about 300 degrees centigrade. Temperatures of from about to about 200 degrees centigrade may, also, be employed, with most reactions being carried on at temperatures from to about 200 degrees centigrade. It has been further found that by 1 1 heating the transesterification mixture from 175 to about 300 degrees centigrade, the volatile byproducts may be removed and rearrangement of the phosphite to phosphonate may be achieved. The reaction, therefore, may be conducted in situ without the removal of byproducts until the desired phosphonate mixture is obtained.

Known means of determining the completion of reaction may be utilized. For purposes of illustration, a titer of the phosphite'present during the rearrangement of the phosphite may be utilized. When a negligible titer is obtained, less than 0.3 percent of the original titer, the reaction is deemed complete.

The Arbuzov reagents, generally, utilized in the practice of this invention have the formula, R Xa; wherein R is alkyl, alkylene, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, substituted aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted alkylene, substituted alkenyl, hydroxy aryl, hydroxy alkyl, alkoxy alkyl, hydroxy alkoxy alkyl; X is selected from the group consisting of iodine, bromine and chlorine; and a is from 1 to 5.

The products formed by following the teachings of this invention may he polymers, wherein the polymer contains between 2 and 20 phosphorus atoms.

It has been found that the formation of cyclic and non-cyclic phosphates are favored when utilizing an alkyl diaryl-, or aryl dialkyl phosphite, e.g., butyl diphenyl phosphite, butyl dicresyl phosphite, and so forth, and the alkyl group may have from 3 to 70 carbon atoms.

The novel phosphonate mixture of the present invention may be utilized in the range of from about 0.2 to about 95 percent of the polyol component contained in a urethane foam system; however, the preferred range is from 5 to about 50 percent, with best results for flameretarding being obtained when from to 30 percent of the polyol component contained in the urethane foam system is the novel mixture of esters of phosphonic acid of the present invention. The urethane foam system described include the Weight of the blowing agent, catalyst, and surfactant.

In the preparation of the polyurethane compositions containing the novel mixtures of esters of phosphonic acid disclosed in this invention, it is preferred to use a hydroxyl-containing polymeric material having an by droxyl number from about 25 to about 900. Such a polymeric material can be a polyester, a polyether or mixtures thereof. Particularly suitable are mixtures of a polyester and a polyether, wherein the polyester portion comprises at least 25 percent of the mixture. Excellent results are obtainable when less than 25 percent polyester is employed, but supplementary additives may be required to render such a foam self-extinguishing. It is especially preferred in the present invention to use a mixture of polyester and polyether in the ratio of 25 to 75 parts polyester to 75 to 25 parts of polyether. Generally, the hydroxyl-containing polymers have a molecular weight in the range from 200 to about 4,000.

The polyol phosphonate may be blended by means known to the art with the other components of a urethane foam system at temperatures ranging from 0 to about 150 degrees centigrade, although, usually temperatures of from 25 to 50 degrees centigrade are utilized.

In addition to the polyurethane the phosphonates of this invention may be utilized as flame-retarding additives or reactants in other plastic systems, such as the polyesters, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyepoxides, polyvinylchlorides, phenylaldehyde polymers, polyamides, and so forth.

The following examples illustrate the invention, but do not limit it. All parts are by weight, temperatures are in degrees centigrade and moles are in gram moles, unless otherwise stated.

EXAMPLE 1 Triphenyl phosphite (5 gram moles, 1550 grams), isobutanol (5.5 gram moles, 408 grams), sodium hydride (1.8 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated to a temperature of about 130 degrees centigrade. This reaction mixture was heated at this temperature for about two hours to effect a transesterification of the triphenyl phosphite and isobutanol. Trimethylol propane (6.25 moles, 838.6 grams) was then added to the mixture and the mixture heated to about 130 degrees centigrade for a period of two hours. Butylbromide (0.5 mole, 68.5 grams) was then added to this reaction mixture and the temperature in the reaction vessel raised to about 150 degrees centigrade. The temperature was maintained at between about 150 degrees centigrade and 165 degrees centigrade until a negligible iodine titer was obtained, about 22 hours. A yellowish viscous liquid was obtained after distillation of the volatile at about degrees centigrade under a vacuum of 10 to 50 millimeters of mercury absolute. A mixture of phosphonates having the following structures present was obtained:

0 O-CHz CHzOH II/ CH3GH-GHZP Trimethylolpropane isobutane phosphonate, and

onion 0 0-CH2 CHzOH Trimethylolpropane (trimethylolpropane) phosphonate Infrared analysis of the product confirmed the presence of the products set forth.

EXAMPLE 2 Triphenyl phosphite (10 moles, 3100 grams), butanol (22 moles, 1628 grams), sodium hydride (6 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated ;for a period.

of about two and one-half hours at a temperature of about 135 degrees centigrade. After this period of time, trimethylolpropane (15 moles, 2015 grams), phenol (2015 grams) a solvent, and sodium hydride (6 grams) were added to the reaction vessel and heated for about 2 hours to effect further transesterification. The mixture was then rearranged (isomerized) by adding butylbromide (400 grams) and refluxing at a temperature from degrees centigrade to 114 degrees centigrade (pot temperatures from about 162 degrees centigrade to about 165 degrees centigrade) for a period of twenty-six hours. A negligible iodine titer was obtained indicating the absence of phosphites. The volatiles were distilled inaccordance with Example 1. The product, a mixture of phosphonates, having the following structure was obtained:

CHZOH O O-CHZ /CH2OH Trimethylolpropane butane phosphonate Infrared analysis of part of the product strongly indicated the presence of a phosphonyl group and functional hydroxyls. Part of the residue (2416 grams) was submitted to epichlorohydrin (6000 milliliters) treatment to remove any P-OH entity produced by the reaction.

This blanking treatment consisted of heating the above residue and epichlorohydrin for four hours at a temperature of from about degrees centigrade to about122 j,

degrees centigrade. After blanking, analysis of the product was as follows:

Acid number-1.8

Hydroxyl number-488 Percent chlorine3.3

Increase in weight of product after blanking-9.2 percent Phosphorus analysis, found9.70 percent Viscosity at 50 C. in Gardner seconds-35 EXAMPLE 3 Triphenyl phosphite (10 moles, 3,100 grams), n-butyl alcohol (22 moles, 1,628 grams) and sodium hydride (6 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and transesterified two and one-half hours at a temperature of about 135 degrees centigrade. After this period of time, trimethylolpropane (12.5 moles, 1,680 grams), phenol (1,675 grams), solvent, and sodium hydride (6 grams) were added to the reaction mixture which was then refluxed at 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours to assure transesterification and to dissolve the solvent phenol. Then butyl bromide (100 grams) was added and the reaction mixture heated to a temperature of from about 155 degrees centigrade to 160 degrees centigrade. A negative iodine titer was obtained after about 73 hours of heating the mixture at this temperature. The volatiles were separated following the procedure of Example 1. The residue was a mixture of cyclic and non-cyclic phosphonates having the structural formulae:

Trimethylolpropane butane phosphonate OHzO H O O-GHz OHzOH Trimethylolpropane(trimethylolpropane) phosphonate o (GH2O H) 2 C4Hl[0 OH2CC2H5 :L Bis- (trimethylolpropane)butane phosphonate CHzO H onion o-oHT-oc2H. ognfi-o-puri 0112011 omoH H2011 mom-(Loin,

and

Bis-trime thylolpropane trimethylolpropane phosphonate Infrared analysis of the product indicated the above structures were present. Analysis of the product gave the following data:

Acid number2l.6 Phosphorus analysis, found--10.8 percent Viscosity at 50 C. in Gardner seconds9.5

The phosphonate was then neutralized with propylene oxide. Part of the residue phosphonate (100 grams) was added to about 300 millimeters of propylene oxide and this mixture heated to a temperature of about 120 degrees centigrade for a period of four hours. The phosphonate residue was then reweighed, after removal and drying of the propylene oxide, and an increase of approximately 20 percent in weight of the phosphonate was recorded. The phosphonate was again submitted to infrared analysis and this analysis supported the above structures.

EXAMPLE 4 Example 3 was repeated, utilizing epichlorohydrin; however, the product formed was blanked with epibromohydrin, as described in Example 2. Analysis of the product gave the following data:

Acid number-4.7

Hydroxyl number550 Percent bromine1.7

Phosphorus analysis found11.1 percent Increase in weight of product after blanking-6 percent EXAMPLE 5 Triphenyl phosphite (10 mo es, 3,100 grams), ethanol (20 moles, 926 grams), and sodium hydride (6 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated for about two and one-half hours at about degrees centigrade. Trimethylolpropane (12.5 moles, 1,680 grams), phenol (1,675 grams), solvent and sodium hydride (6 grams) were then added to the reaction mixture, which was refluxed at about 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours. Ethyl iodide (200 grams) was added to the mixture and the reactants isomerized at 135 degrees centigrade for 32 hours. The volatiles were removed as in Example 1.

A viscous, yellow liquid was obtained containing a mixture of phosphonates having the structures:

O 0 Hz 0 2H5 T rimethylolpropane ethano phosphonate (CH2OH)2 O OCH2 CHzOH C2H5CCHZP O C H2/ C 2115 Trimethylpro pane trimethylolpropane phosphonate A sample of the residue was submitted for infra-red analysis. This analysis indicated the presence of the above structures.

Hydroxyl number of the product was: Calculated- 548. F0und-5l5.

EXAMPLE 6 Triphenyl phosphite (12 moles, 3,720 grams), isopropanol (13.2 moles, 793 grams) and sodium hydride (4.5 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated at a temperature of about 145 degrees centigrade for about two hours. Trimethylolpropane (15 moles, 2,013 grams) was then added to the reaction mixture and the mixture heated at about degrees centigrade for a period of about two hours to effect transesterification. Epichlorohydrin (222 grams) was then added to the reaction vessel, which was heated for about 26 hours (until a negligible iodine titer was obtained). The by-products were stripped in accordance with Example 1. The product, which was viscous, had a yellowish appearance and was a mixture of phosphonates, trimethylolpropane isopropane phosphonate and trimethylolpropane and trimethylolpropane phosphonate. A sample of the product was analysed by infrared analysis and the evidence obtained confirmed the presence of the products.

The mixture of phosphonates (54.5 grams) and propylene oxide (55 grams) were then charged to a reaction vessel and heated under reflux conditions at 120 degrees centigrade for two hours. Volatiles were stripped in accordance with Example 1 and the product weighed. There was an increase of two percent in the weight of the residue after this treatment.

Analysis for hydroxyl number was: Calculated-780. Found542.

. EXAMPLE 7 crease in the weight of the phosphonate over the initial weight.

Analysis for hydroxy number was: Calculated-812. Found580.

EXAMPLE 8 Triphenyl phosphite (2.5 moles, 775 grams), butanol moles, 370 grams), and sodium hydride 1 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated to a temperature of about 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours. After this period of time, trimethylolethane (3.1 moles, 375 grams) was added and the mixture further transesterified at 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours using an additional 1 gram of sodium hydride to catalyze transesterification. To this reaction mixture, 2-chloroethanol (2.75 moles, 225 grams) was added and the reaction mixture isomerized for about twenty-six hours at reflux temperatures (pot temperatures of 155 degrees centigrade to 160 degrees centigrade and head temperatures of from about 90 degrees centigrade to 117 degrees centigrade) until a negligible iodine titer was obtained. The volatiles were then stripped in accordance with Example 1. The product had a mixture of phos phonate having the structural formulae:

CHzOH Trimethyloloethane (2-eth anol) phosphonate,

Bis- (trimethyolethane) butane phosphonate,

Bis-(trimethylolethane)-2-ethanol phosphonate, and

Trimethyol ethane butyl (2-ethanol) phosphonate A sample was submitted for infrared analysis. The results indicated the presence of these structures.

EXAMPLE 9 Trimethyl phosphite (10 moles, 1,240 grams), isopropanol (10 moles, 601 grams) and sodium hydride (3 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and transesterified at about 135 degrees centigrade for a period of one hour. At the end of this period of time, trimethylolpropane (12.5 moles, 1,680 grams) was added to the reaction mixture and the mixture further transesterified for a period of two hours at 135 degrees centigrade. Volatiles were then stripped from the reaction mixture by imposing a vacuum of 400 millimeters of mercury on the systems. Epichlorohydrin (2 moles, 185 grams) was added to the reaction mixture, which was heated for thirty-eight hours at a temperature of about 130 degrees centigrade. Butyl bromide (28 grams) was added to the reaction mixture and the mixture heated at about 125 degrees centigrade for seven hours. The product obtained was a mixture of trimethylolpropane isopropane phosphonate and trimethylolpropane phosphonate. A sample of the product was subjected to infrared analysis, the results of which confirmed the presence of a phosphonate.

Analysis of the blanked product gave the following data:

Acid numberNil Hydroxyl number3 18 Percent chlorine-1.6

Phosphorus analysis found-13.3 percent EXAMPLE 10 Example No. 9 was repeated substituting butyl alcohol (10 moles) for isopropylol alcohol. A product obtained was a mixture of trimethylolpropane butane phosphonate and trimethylolpropane phosphonate. A sample of the residue was submitted to infra-red analysis. This analysis indicated the presence of the phosphonates set forth above.

After a blanking of the product, as in Example .1, analysis gave the following data:

Acid number-Nil Hydroxyl number-326 Percent chlorine-1.4

Phosphorus analysis, found13.1 percent- EXAMPLE 11 Triphenyl phosphite (24 moles, 7,440 grams), isopro panol (26.4 moles, 1,586 grams), and sodium hydride .(9 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and transesterified at a temperature of about degrees centigrade for a period of one hour. After this time, trirnethylolpropane (30 moles, 4,025 grams) was added to the reaction mixture, which was heated at a temperature of about 135 degrees centigrade for a period of about two hours. Epichlorohydrin (660 grams) was then added to the reaction mixture and the mixture isomerized at a temperature of about degrees centigrade until a negligible iodine titer was obtained. The negligible iodine titer was obtained after about thirty-one hours. Volatiles were removed from the reaction mixture as set forth in Example 1. Seventy (70) grams of the product were then mixed with about 300 millimeters of epichlorohydrin and this mitxure was heated to about 125 degrees centigrade for a period of about two hours. The epichlorohydrin was then stripped from reaction mixture utilizing a vacuum of about 15 millimeters of mercury absolute.

A yield of product with structures similar to those obtained in Example 9 were recovered in about 87.2% yield, based on triphenyl phosphite.

EXAMPLE 12 Triphenyl phosphite (5 moles, 1,550 grams), isopropanol (5.5 moles, 330 grams), and sodium hydride (1.8 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated at a temperature of approximately 140 degrees centigrade for a period of one hour. Trimethylolpropane (6.25 moles, 839 grams) and phenol (839 grams) were then added to the reaction mixture, which was heated for a period of two hours at about 142 degrees centigrade to further effect transesterification. Tri(beta-chloropropyl)phosphite was then added in a catalytic amount to the reaction mixture to effect isomerization. The volatiles were stripped, as in accordance with Example 1. A sample of the product was submitted to infra-red analysis, which indicated the presence of the following phosphonates:

Trimethylolpropane isopropane phosphonate CH2OH)z CE; 0 OCHzC-C2H HCP CH O-GHr-C-CzHs (GH2OH)2 Bis-trimethylolpropane isopropaue phosphonate and (CH2OH)2 (CH2OH 2O O-GHz-C-CzHg C2H5-O-CHz-P I OCHz-C-C2H5 H20H)2 Bis-trimethylolpropane (:trimethylolpropane) phosphonate This example shows utilization of a phosphite as a catalyst for Arbuzov rearrangement.

After a blanking of the product, as in Example 1, analysis gave the following data:

Acid number8.2

Hydroxyl number-e455 Percent chlorine-4.0

Increase in weight of product after blanking10.0 percent Viscosity at 50 C. in Gardner seconds405 EXAMPLE 13 Triphenyl phosphite moles, 1,550 grams), isobutanol (5.5 moles, 408 grams) and sodium hydride (1.8 grams) were charged to a reaction flask and transesterified at a temperature of 130 degrees centigrade for about two hours. After this period of time, trimethylolpropane (6.25 moles, 839 grams) was added and the reaction mixture transesterified at about 130 degrees centigrade for two hours. The mixture was then isomerized at reflux temperatures of from about 153 degrees centigrade to about 165 degrees centigrade for a period of 22 hours, utilizing butyl bromide (0.5 mole, 68.5 grams) as a'catalyst. The product was a mixture of cyclic and non-cyclic phosphonates having the structures:

'lrimethylelpropane isobutane phosphonate CH 0 O-OH CH OH (CHzOH) 2 lBis- (trimethylolpropane) isobutane ph'osp'honate an (CH20 )2 CHgCHzKL-CHrP Acid number--Nil Hydroxyl number467 Phosphorus analysis, found8.5 percent Increase in weight'of product after blanking-10.9 percent Viscosity at 50 C. in Gardner seconds-57 EXAMPLE 14 Triphenyl phosphite moles, 3,100 grams), nbutanol (22 moles, 1,628 grams) and sodium hydride (6 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated at 18 a temperature of about 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours. Phenol (1,675 grams) and trimethyl olpropane (12.5 moles, 1,680 grams) were then added to the mixture and the mixture further transesterified at about 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours. Butylbromide grams) was then charged to the reaction mixture and the mixture heated at about 155 degrees centigrade until a negligible iodine titer was obtained.

A mixture of phosphonates was formed comprising trimethylolpropane butane phosphonate, trimethylolpropane phosphonate and bis-trimethylolpropane butane phosphonate.

Infrared analysis confirmed the presence of the above structures. The product was recovered in 100 percent yield. based on triphenyl phosphite.

EXAMPLE 15 Triphenyl phosphite (10 moles, 3,100 grams), nbutanol (20 moles, 1,480 grams) and sodium hydride (6 grams) were charged to a reaction vessel and heated at 135 degrees centigrade for two and one-half hours. Phenol (1,6 75 grams) entaerythritol (12.5 moles, 1710 grams) andi sodium hydride (6 grams) were then charged to the above reaction mixture and the mixture then further transesterified at 135 degrees centigrade for an additional two and one-half hours. The mixture was then isomerized .(rearranged) at reflux temperatures (pot 153 degrees centigrade to 167 degrees centigrade/head, degrees centigrade to 111 degrees centigrade) until a negligible iodine titer was obtained.

The product, a viscous liquid, yellowish in appearance was recovered in 92 percent yield, based on triphenyl phosphite.

The mixture of phosphonates had the following structures:

0-0112 CHzOH EXAMPLE 17 The teachings of Example 1 were followed, utilizing the following reactants. The product was the mixture indicated.

Reactants Triphenyl phosphite-1 mole Isobutanol-l mole Trimethylolpropane1.25 moles Epichlorohydrin2.0 moles Mixed product 11 H (CH2OII)2 CH -oHoH2-P-0oH2o-O2H5:l 2

Bis-trimethylolpropane butane phosphonate,

19 H (OHzOIDzl CHz-CH-CH POCH2 C2H5 Bis-(trimethylolpropane) epichlorohydrin phosphonate,

CH3 O-CHz CHzOH CH H-CHz-i \O-C2 \C2H5 Trimethylolpropane isobutane phosphnoate, and

0 OCH2 H-CH:

CH2-CHCH2P CHzCl O-GHz -CzHs Isobutyl chlorotrimethylolpropane-Z,3-epoxy propyl phosphonate and oligomers and polymers derived from condensation of the epoxy with adjacent hydroxyls.

It appears from infrared analysis that a reaction, also, takes place when epoxy groups are present, wherein the epoxy group reacts with hydroxyls to form oligomers and polymers having up to about phosphorus atoms.

In the following examples utilizing the reactants set forth and following the teachings of Examples 1 to 16, the products formed are indicated.

EXAMPLE 1'8 Reactants Triphenyl phosphite-l mole Dipentaerythrit0l-2.2 moles 2,5-bischloromethyl furan-1 mole Products in the mixture Dipentaerythritol (dipentaerythritol) phosphonate Bis-(dipentaerythritol) dipentaerythritol phosphonate Dipentaerythritol phosphonate 2,5-bis(methylchloride dipentaerythritol phosphonate)- methyl furane phosphonate EXAMPLE 19 Reactants Trinaphthyl phosphite1 mole Hexyl alcohol-12 moles Sodium-1 gram 2-nitro-Z-hydroxymethyl-butanediol- 1,3 )2. 3 Hexyl bromide-0.1 mole Products in the mixture 2-nitro-2-hydroxymethyl-butanediol-.(1,3) hexane phosphonate 2-nitro-2-hydroxymethyl-butanediol (1,3) (2-nitro-2- hydroxy-methyl-butanediol-( 1,3) phosphonate Bis- [2-nitro-2-hydroxymethyl-butanediol-( 1,3

phosphonate hexane EXAMPLE 20 Reactants Tripheny1phosphite-1 mole 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethy1o1propanol-21 mole Sodiun1-l.6 moles 2,5-dich1orometl1yl benzene0.5 mole Products in the mixture 1, l, l ,3,3,3-hexamethylolpropanol-Z-phosphonate 1, 1,1,3,3,3-hexamethylolpropanol-2(1,1, l,3,3,3-hexamethylolp ropanol) -2-phosphonate 2,5-bis-(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethy1olpr0panol-2-ch1or0) dim ethylbenzene phosphonate 20 EXAMPLE 21 Reactants Triphenyl phosphite1 mole 2,2,5,S-tetramethylol-cyclopentanol-1--1.2 moles Sodium-1 gram Butyl iodide0.1 mole Products in the mixture 2,2,5 ,S-tetramethylol-cyclopentanol-l-phosphonate 2,2,5 ,5 -tetramethylol-cyclopentanol-1-(2,2,5 ,5 -tetramethylol-cyclopentanol-l phosphonate In a like manner, the following compounds may be reacted to form mixtures of phosphonates:

Fine celled urethane foams were prepared in the following manner, incorporating therein the phosphonate mixtures of Examples 10, 6 and 2, as indicated:

Polyester A polyester was prepared by the esterification of 10 moles (1340 parts) of trimethylolpropane with 6 moles ('877 parts) of adipic acid by known techniques. The resin thus formed had a hydroxyl number of about 500.

Mixture A.To 70 parts of the polyester adipate system described above, the following were added:

30 parts of the phosphonate mixture 28 parts of trichlorofluoromethane 0.5 part of a silicone surfactant, such as silicon X-520 (a surfactant), and

0.8 part of trimethylbutanediamine.

These ingredients were then mixed to obtain a homogenous mixture.

Prepolymer A prepolymer was prepared by the addition of 20 parts of the above-described polyester to parts of toluene diisocyanate (commercial mixture of 80% 2,4-toluenediisocyanate, and 20% 2,6-toluenediisocyanate). This mixture was then heated for two hours at a temperature from about 80 degrees centigrade to degrees centigrade.

Preparation of foam Mixture A (126 parts) was added to 1,293 parts of the prepolymer. This was mixed at a temperature of about 25 degrees centigrade for 30 seconds and then poured to yield a fine celled rigid urethane foam. The

foam was then analyzed and had the properties set forth 1. A mixture comprising phosphonates selected from in Table I. the group consisting of TABLE I Compressive Underwriters Density, d, Laboratory Test-484 Example Pllosphonate mixture pounds per pounds per No. added cubic foot square inch Sec.-In. Burned 22 Mixture of Example .n 2. 59 37. 6 57. 2 1. 4

23 Mixture of Example 6 2. 59 35. 7 63.2 1. 3

24 Mixture of Example 2 2. 64 55. 9 59. 0 1. 6

25 None 2.23 30.9 152.0 6.0

EXAMPLE 26 The procedure set forth in Examples 22 to 25 for the preparation of fine celled urethane foams was repeated. However, parts of the phosphonate mixture of Example 2, and parts of the polyester adipate system prepared in accordance with Examples 22 to 25, were utilized in the preparation. The fine celled urethane foam prepared in this manner, showed improved fire resistance when tested by the American Standard for Testing Material, Test D-757-49. The foam had a value of 1.25 inches per minute. A fine celled urethane foam prepared in a similar manner, but without the phosphonate mixture present, had a value of 9.43 inches per minute.

From Examples 2226, it is evident that the phosphonate mixtures of this invention will give fire resistance without adversely affecting the physical properties of the urethane foam.

EXAMPLE 27 Triphenyl phosphite (310 parts, 1 mole), isobutanol (82 parts, 1.1 moles) and sodium hydride (0.1 part) were charged to a reaction vessel. This mixture was stirred and heated at from degrees centigrade to about degrees centigrade for approximately one hour. An oxypropylated Novolak (532 parts, 1.25 moles), of structure approximating having a molecular weight of 425 and an hydroxyl number of 396, was added, and the resulting mixture was stirred for approximately two hours at a temperature of from 130 degrees centigrade to about degrees centigrade. A mixture of the resulting reaction mixture, containing phosphites, was isomerized by adding epichlorohydrin (93 parts, 1 mole), followed by heating and stirring at from 140 degrees centigrade to about degrees centigrade for two hours. After this time, a negligible iodine titer was obtained. The volatiles, mainly, phenol and isobutanol, were vacuum stripped under ultimate conditions of about degrees centigrade under .3 millimeter of mercury absolute.

Upon analysis, it was established that the product phosphonate, a viscous liquid, was obtained in a nearly theoretical yield. Further, an infra-red analysis of the product confirmed the identity of this phosphonate product as oxypropylated Novolak isobutyl epichlorohydrin phosphonate, and oxypropylated Novolak isobutyl phosphonate.

Percent phosphorus analysis: Found -4.1. Calculated- 4.3.

Hydroxyl No. 208.

While the invention has been set forth in the above description and examples, it should be realized that in its broadest aspects, the invention is not so limited. Many other modifications will become apparent to one skilled in the art upon a reading of this disclosure and these are also considered within the scope of this invention, as are equivalents which may be substituted therein.

What is claimed is:

wherein R R R R and Z are members each selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl; alkyl; substituted alkyl, in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of aryl, nitro, hydroxy, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxy, and halogen; alkene; alkylene; substituted alkylene in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, nitro, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy and hydroxy; unsubstituted aryl; substituted aryl in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of nitro, halogen, cycloalkyl, aryloxy,'a1koxy, hydroxy, and alkyl; said alkyls and cycloalkyls each being f from 1 to 70 carbon atoms, said aryls being of from 6 to 70 carbon atoms, said alkylenes being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms; in which R is selected from the group con sisting of hydrogens and R n and n each are from zero to 5; each cyclic and bicyclic phosphonate has from 1 to 32 hydr-oxyls; and in which each acyclic. phosphonate has from 3 to 32 hydroxyls.

2. A composition comprising: trimethylolalkane alkane phosphonate, and trimethylolalkane (trimethylolalkane) phosphonate. 3. A composition comprising: trimethylolalkane (trimethylolalkane) phosphonate,

and bis-(trimethylolalkane) trimethylolalkane phosphonate. 4. A composition comprising: trimethylolalkane alkane phosphonate; trimethylolalkane (trimethylolalkane) phosphonate; bis (trimethylolalkane) alkane phosphonate; and, bis-(trimethylolalkane) trimethylolalkane phosphonate. 5. A composition comprising: trimethylolethane (2 ethanol) phosphonate; bis (trimethylolethane) butane phosphonate; bis-(trimethyl olethane) 2-ethanol phosphonate; and, trimethylol ethane butyl (Z-ethanol) phosphonate. 6. A composition of matter comprising: trimethylolalkane alkane phosphonate; bis-(trimethylolalkane) alkane phosphonate; and, bis-(trimethylolalkane) trimethylolalkane phosphonate. 7. A composition comprising: pentaerythritol alkane phosphonate; pentaerythritol phosphonate; and, bis-(pentaerythritol) butane phosphonate. 8. A process for producing a mixture of phosphonates selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formulaet 11 0 0 0am I: \ijl u/ -z-1 R O Ju O-R wherein R R R R and Z are members each selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl; alkyl; substituted alkyl, in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of aryl, nitro, hydroxy, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxy, and halogen; alkene; alkylene; substituted alkylene in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, nitro, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, and hydroxy; unsubstituted aryl; substituted aryl in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of nitro, halogen, cycloalkyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, hydroxy, and alkyl; said alkyls and cycloalkyls each being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms, said aryls being of from 6 to 70 carbon atoms, said alkylenes being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms; in which R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R n and n each are from 0 to 5; each cyclic and bicyclic phosphonate has from 1 to 32 hydroxyls; and in which each acyclic phosphonate has from 3 to 32 hydroxyls; comprising reacting a triorganophosphite with an excess of a polyhydric compound of the formula R (OH) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of R R R R and Z, and wherein m is from 2 to 33, to form a phosphite reaction product, and rearranging said phosphite reaction product to a mixture of phosphonates by heating or treatment with an Abruzov catalyst for such rearrangement or by heating and treatment with such catalyst.

9. A process for producing a mixture of phosphonates selected from the group consisting of and wherein bicyclic and cyclic phosphonates predominate in the product and wherein R R R R and Z are members each selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl; alkyl; substituted alkyl, in which the substituent is se ected from the group consisting of aryl, nitro, hydroxy, cycloalkyl hydroxyalokoxy, alkoxy, and halogen; alkene; alkylene; substituted alkylene in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, nitro, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, and hydroxy; unsubstituted aryl; substituted aryl in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of nitro, halogen, cycloalkyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, hydroxy, and alkyl; said alkyls and cyc oalkyls each being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms, said aryls being of from 6 to 70 carbon atoms, said alkylenes being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms; in which R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R n and n each are from 0 to 5; each cyclic and bicyclic phosphonate has R (OH) wherein R is elected from the group consistingof R R R R and Z, and wherein m is from 2 to 33, and rearranging the phosphite reaction product with a catalytic amount of an Arbuzov rearrangement catalyst.

10. A process for producing a mixture of phosphonates selected from the group consisting of C(R)20 n OO(R )z wherein bicyclic and acyclic phosphonates predominate and in the product and wherein R R R R and Z are I members each selected from the group consisting of cycloalkyl; alkyl; substituted alkyl, in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of aryl, nitro,

hydroxy, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkoxy, and halogen; alkene; alkylene; substituted alkylene in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, nitro, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, and hydroxy; unsubstituted aryl; substituted aryl in which the substituent is se ected from the group consisting of nitro, halo.- gen, cycloalkyl aryloxy, alkoxy, hydroxy, and alkyl; said alkyls and cycloalkyls each being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms, said aryls being of from 6 to 70 carbon atoms, said alkylenes being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms; in which R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R n and n each are from 0 to 5; each cyclic and bicyclic phosphonate has from 1 to 32 hydroxyls; and in which each acyclic phosphonate has from 3 to 32 hydroxyls; which comprises reacting one mole ofa triorganophosphite, which is a triaryl phosphite, with more than one mole and less than two mo es of a polyhydric compound of the formula R"(OH) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of R R R R and Z, and wherein m is from 2 to 33, and rearranging the phosphite reaction product with a stoichiometric or greater amount of an Arbuzov rearrangement catalyst.

11. A process for producing a mixture of phosphonates in the product and wherein R R R R and Z are 25 alkene; alkylene; substituted alkylene in which the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogen, nitro, aryl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, and hydroxy; unsubstituted aryl; substituted aryl in which the substituent is selected from the group consistin of nitro, halogen, cycloalkyl aryloxy, alkoxy, hydroxy, and alkyl; said alkyls and cycloalkyls each being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms, said aryls being of from 6 to 70 carbon atoms, said alkylenes being of from 1 to 70 carbon atoms; in which R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R n and 11 each are from to each cyclic and bicyclic phosphonate has from 1 to 32 hydroxyls; and in which each acyclic phosphonate has from 3 to 32 liydroxyls; which comprises reacting one mole of an alkyl diaryl phosphite or a dia kyl aryl phosphite with more than one mole and less than two moles of a polyhydric compound of the formula R"(OH) wherein 'R" is selected from the group consisting of R R R R and Z, and wherein m is from 2 to 33, and rearranging the phosphite reaction product to a mixture of phosphonates with a catalytic amount of an Arbuzov rearrangement catalyst.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,205,250 9/ 1965 Hechenbleikner 260-927 3,210,398 10/1965 Ratz 260927 3,075,927 1/1963 Lanham 2602.5 3,075,928 1/1963 Lanham 2602.5 2,841,608 7/ 1958 Hechenbleikner et al.

260-928 X 3,139,450 6/1964 Friedman 260928 X 3,092,651 6/ 1963 Friedman.

CHARLES B. PARKER, Primary Examiner A. H. SUTTO, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3.515,?26 Dated June 2, 1970 Invgntot(g) Charles F. Baranauckas et al.

It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 1, line 69, delete "ssbutituted", and insert substituted Column 2, line 50, delete "herterocyclic", and insert heterocycl ic Column 3, line +0, delete formula, and insert R -oo oo-R II II P Z-P R 0 n 0 R6 Column l, li ne 5l delete "bi sphydroxymethyl", and insert bi shydroxymethyl--;

Column 5, line 38, delete formula, and insert U, @oo

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,5 5,77 Dated June I970 Inventor) -jhagles F Baranauckas et al- It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 6, line 50, delete l-th formula, and insert Column 6, line 55, delete +th formula, and insert Column 8, line 60, insert Alkene before formula;

Colurm 10, line 12, after 7,7-di chloronorcarene, insert --7,7- dibromonorcarene Column 1 line 29, delete "ethano", and insert ethane Column 1 line 3 delete "Trimethylpropane", and insert ---Trimethylolpropane---.

Column 1 lines 56 and 57, delete "and trimethylolpropane and trimethylolpropane phosphonate", and insert and trimethylolpropane phosphonate Column 1 line 60, delete "5+.5 grams", and insert BN4. 5 grams UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,515,776 D d June 2, I970 Inventor(s) .Charles F Baranauckas et al. PAGE 3 It is certified that error appears in the aboveand that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as identified patent shown below:

Column 15, line +1, delete formula, and insert O-CHZ-(E-CHB (CH2OH)2 Column l6, line 37, delete 'mitxure" and insert mixture Column 19, line 10, delete "phosphnoate", and insert phosphonate Column 2l, line 31, delete "resistance", and insert retardance Claim 9, line 6 delete "hydroxyalokoxy", and insert --hydroxyalkoxy Claim 9, Col 2h, line 6, delete "elected", and insert selected Claim 1 1, line 68, delete formula and insert C(R I 0\ 0 0 I) um I n O R (RUZC C(R') HR1 O 2 O C(R l )2/ SIGNED Asst, 5 l xLtll 0012mm J BEAL mat:

EI-LIA" 1:. 60mm, Edward M. Fletcher, Ir. Commissione of Pamtg 

